Monday, 21 September 2015

                                    INDIA



  1. India is a vast South Asian country with diverse terrain – from Himalayan peaks to Indian Ocean coastline – and history reaching back 5 millennia. In the north, Mughal Empire landmarks include Delhi’s Red Fort complex, massive Jama Masjid mosque and Agra’s iconic Taj Mahal mausoleum. Pilgrims bathe in the Ganges in Varanasi, and Rishikesh is a yoga center and base for Himalayan trekking.

  2. Population: 1.252 billion (2013)
     
     
     

Friday, 11 September 2015

10 MOST FAMOUS HISTORICAL MONUMENTS OF INDIA:-

1) VARANASI GHATS:-
           Ghats in Varanasi are the most holiest places of the city situated along with the banks of holy river Ganges. There are around 85 Ghat in the holiest city and used for Ganges Aarti,bathing,cremation and morning meditation. The burning Ghats of Varanasi are the most popular tourist attraction, during the Aarti of river Ganges at Dashashwamedh Ghat. Varanasi also known as Banaras and Kashi is one of the oldest living city of India as well as in the world.





2) TAJ MAHAL:- 
            The Taj Mahal, a beautiful white marble Monument located in the city of Agra on the banks of the holy river Yamuna in the state of Uttar Pradesh. Taj Mahal is the finest example of combines elements of Mughal,Persian, Ottoman Turkish and Indian architectural styles. It is one of the eight wonders of the world and the jewel of Muslim art in India. Fatehpur Sikri is another historic site in the state, the first planned city of the Mughals.




3) HARMANDIR SAHIB:- 
            The Golden Temple is known as Harmandir Sahib is a Sikh Gurdwara located in the Amritsar, Punjab. Shri Darbar Shaib is the holiest shrine and most famous pilgrimage place for Sikhs. Harmandir Sahib is one of the most sacred places in India, a Holy Granth Sahib is always present inside the temple.




4) MAHABODHI TEMPLE:-
         The Mahabodhi Temple or Great Awakening Temple is a Buddhist temple located in the Gaya district of Bihar state. Mahabodhi Mahavihara Bodhgaya Temple is one of the ancient and most important shrines of  Buddhist in India. The site contains a Mahabodhi Tree,Lord Buddha stupa and the monastery called Bodhimanda Vihara. Mahabodhi Temple is count on one of the 7 wonders of India.Nalanda is another Historic Monuments site in the state.




5) BRIHADISHWARA TEMPLE:-
         Brihadishwara Temple also called Periya Koyil or Big Temple is one of the India’s largest temple located in the Thanjavur at the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The Rajarajeswaram temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva and the best temple build by Cholas along with Airavatesvara Temple. Brihadishwara Temple and Airavatesvara Temple are two World Heritage in Tamil Nadu India.




6) SHORE TEMPLE:- 
          The Shore Temple is situated on the shore of the Bay of Bengal at Mahabalipuram,in the state of Tamil Nadu. Shore Temple is the oldest structural rock cut temple in south India built with blocks of granite. The shrines are dedicated to great God Lord Shiva and Lord Vishnu. Mahabalipuram is world famous for number of Monuments, which are UNESCO World Heritage Site.




7) BAHAI TEMPLE:- 
          The Lotus Temple of Delhi is called Bahai Temples, situated near kalka Ji.Lotus Temple is a house of Worship for every religion and best place for meditation and peace. Bahai Faith is spiritual unity of all humankind, there are eight continental Houses of Worship have been built around the world. Lotus Temple is one of them and the prominent attraction in Delhi.




8) HAWA MAHAL:- 
            The great monuments of the royal Rajputs of Rajasthan, Hawa Mahal also Palace of Winds is situated in the heart of pink city and the capital of Rajasthan,Jaipur. The pyramid shape five-story palace is constructed by red and pink sandstone by Maharaja Sawai Pratap Singh for women’s of royal families. Hawa Mahal is one of the major tourist attraction of Jaipur as well as in the royal state Rajasthan.




9) CHHATRAPATI SHIVAJI TERMINUS:- 
          Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus or Victoria Terminus is a historic railway station situated in the dream city of India Mumbai, Maharashtra. Victoria Terminus is one of the most busiest railway station in India and headquarters of the Central Railways. There are top 25 Historical Monuments located in Maharashtra.




10) VICTORIA MEMORIAL:- 
          The Victoria Memorial Hall is located in the capital of West Bengal, Kolkata and dedicated to Queen Victoria. Victoria Memorial is one of the major tourist attraction of Kolkata and serves as a museum with great collection of manuscripts,paintings and sculptures of the British period. Victoria Memorial was declared as one of the UNESCO World Heritage Site in India.


                              Taj Mahal







Location Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India
Coordinates 27°10′30″N 78°02′31″ECoordinates: 27°10′30″N 78°02′31″E
Height 73 m (240 ft)
Built 1632–1653[1]
Architect Ustad Ahmad Lahauri
Architectural style(s) Mughal architecture
Visitors About 3 million (in 2003)

Type Cultural
Criteria (i)
Designated 1983 (7th session)
Reference no. 252
State Party India
Region Asia-Pacific
Taj Mahal is located in India
Taj Mahal
Location in western Uttar Pradesh, India
 

Thursday, 10 September 2015

Narendra Modi
Narendra D Modi.png

15th Prime Minister of India
Assumed office
26 May 2014
President Pranab Mukherjee
Preceded by Manmohan Singh
14th Chief Minister of Gujarat
In office
7 October 2001 – 22 May 2014
Governor Sunder Singh Bhandari
Kailashpati Mishra
Balram Jakhar
Nawal Kishore Sharma
S. C. Jamir
Kamla Beniwal
Preceded by Keshubhai Patel
Succeeded by Anandiben Patel
Member of the Indian Parliament
for Varanasi
Assumed office
16 May 2014
Preceded by Murli Manohar Joshi
Member of the Gujarat Legislative Assembly
for Maninagar
In office
1 January 2002 – 16 May 2014
Preceded by Kamlesh Patel
Succeeded by Suresh Patel
Personal details
Born Narendra Damodardas Modi
17 September 1950 (age 64)
Vadnagar, Bombay State, India
Nationality Indian
Political party Bharatiya Janata Party
Spouse(s) Jashodaben Narendrabhai (m. 1968) (estranged)
Residence 7, Race Course Road
Alma mater University of Delhi
Gujarat University
Religion Hinduism
Signature
Website Official website
Government website
Narendra D Modi.png This article is part of a series
about

Narendra Modi

Early political career


Prime Minister of India

Signature of Narendra Modi.svg
Prime Minister of India

Wednesday, 9 September 2015

Biography of Akbar the Great (Mughal Emperor):-

 

Akbar (1556-1605 A.D.):-

   Akbar, also known as Akbar the Great, ascended the throne of Mughal Empire at the young age of 14 in 1556.

    After the sudden death of his father, Humayun, the new young emperor (Akbar) succeeded to a difficult position. The Afghans had still enough military power and they were regrouping their forces under the Afghan leader Ali Adil Shah and his Hindu General Hemu.

    At that time Akbar and his wazir and guardian Bairam Khan, a loyal friend of Humayun, was in the Punjab. On hearing the catastrophic news of the fall of Delhi they proceeded towards Delhi. Hemu also marched towards the Punjab.

Fall of Bairam Khan:-

     Bairam Khan remained at the helm of affairs of the state for about four years. During his regency Gwalior, Ajmer and Jaunpur were captured. Akbar was growing up and he wanted to rule the realm himself. Bairam Khan was dismissed and was asked to go to Mecca. On his way to Mecca he was assassinated by an Afghan soldier who bore personal grudge against him.

   After the fall of Bairam Khan for a time Akbar’s foster mother Maham Anga and some of her close relatives wielded the power. But in 1564, at the age of twenty, Akbar took full control of the empire in his own hands.

 

Akbar’s Conquest:-

   Akbar was an imperialist. After the fall of Bairam Akbar had to face several rebellions. These rebellions created an opinion in Akbar’s mind that existence of other states, big or small, were dangerous for the paramount power. Some writers like Abut Fazal, however, said that Akbar had wanted to extend the empire to provide good government to the peoples living in other states. In the initial years of his reign, Akbar abolished Pilgrim’s Tax in 1563 and Jiziya in 1564.

 

 

Rajputs policy of Akbar:-

   After the conquest of Gondwana Akbar turned his attention to Rajputana. Akbar felt that for the safety of the Mughal Empire and for expansion towards western and southern India, Rajputana was strategically important.

 

 

Other Conquests:-

   After Mewar Akbar turned his eyes to the rich province of Gujarat. The ports of Gujarat were important as centers of trade with West Asia and Europe. In 1572 Akbar invaded Gujarat and conquered Ahmedabad. Next year he again came to Gujarat, conquered the rich port Surat and annexed the province. Akbar’s empire now extended to the sea and he could profit by the rich commerce passing through Surat and other western ports.

 

 

Akbar’s religious policy:-

   Akbar was very tolerant in his religious views. In his childhood he was impressed by the liberal religious ideas of his teacher, Abdul Latif and Sufism. In cherishing liberal views towards the Hindus and Rajputs these impressions had a role.

 

Akbar’s cultural life and his Court:-

   Perhaps it is wrong to assume that Akbar was an illiterate person as many historians say. He was a man of refined taste and had profound knowledge in various fields of art and architecture. He had a very good library. Many learned and talented persons were assembled in his court and so it became a centre of learning.

Tuesday, 8 September 2015

10 Mistakes of Jawaharlal Nehru: History of Kashmir Issue:-

 1) Close friendship of Jawaharlal Nehru and Sheikh Abdulla: 

 2) Too Much Trust on Sheikh Abdullah:

 3) Not allowing Indian Army to completely recapture the area annexed by Pathan invaders:

 4) Escalating the issue into United Nations:

 5) Too much Trust on British:

 6) Giving higher share of Assembly seats to Kashmir Region than Jammu Region:

 7) Malpractices carried by him and his government during first election of State in 1951:

 
 

 
8) Used his power to pass article 306-A which ultimately became source of article 370:


 9) Giving excessive power to the State Legislature of Jammu & Kashmir

 



 10) Hiding important information from Indian Parliament:



 

Monday, 7 September 2015

25 interesting facts about india

25 Interesting Facts About India:-


"India is, the cradle of the human race, the birthplace of human speech, the mother of history, the grandmother of legend, and the great grandmother of tradition. Our most valuable and most instructive materials in the history of man are treasured up in India only."
These are not our words. These are the words of the great Mark Twain. And here are 25 Indians facts to support his statement

 1) A Floating Post Office:-

India has the largest postal network in the world. In the india has over 1, 55,015 post offices. The floating post office in Dal Lake, Srinagar, was inaugurated in August 2011..




 2) Kumbh Mela Gathering Visible From Space:-
 The Kumbh Mela was the largest gathering of people in 2011. Around   75 million pilgrims. It was so huge the crowd was visible from space.


 3) The Wettest Inhabited Place In The World:-

Mawsynram, a village on the Khasi Hills, Meghalaya, receives the highest recorded average rainfall in the world. Cherrapunji, also a part of Meghalaya, holds the record for the most rainfall in the calendar year of 1861.





4) Bandra Worli Sealink Has Steel Wires Equal To The Earth's Circumference:-

It took a total of 2,57,00,000 man hours for completion and also weighs as much as 50,000 African elephants. A true engineering and architectural marvel.


5) The Highest Cricket Ground In The Word:-

At an altitude of 2,444 meters, the Chail Cricket Ground in Chail, Himachal Pradesh, is the highest in the world. It was built in 1893 and is a part of the Chail Military School.




6) Shampooing Is An Indian Concept:- 

Shampoo was invented in India, not the commercial liquid ones but the method by use of herbs. The word 'shampoo' itself has been derived from the Sanskrit word champu, which means to massage.



7) The Indian National Kabbaddi Team Has Won All The World Cups:-
 India has won all 5 men's Kabaddi World Cups held till now and have been undefeated throughout these tournaments. The Indian women's team has also won all Kabaddi World Cups held till date.


8) Water On The Moon Was Discovered By India:-
In September 2009, India's ISRO Chandrayaan- 1 using its Moon Mineralogy Mapper detected water on the moon for the first time. 







9) Science Day In Switzerland Is Dedicated To Ex-Indian President, APJ Abdul Kalam:-
  The father of India's missile programme had visited Switzerland back in 2006. Upon his arrival, Switzerland declared May 26th as Science Day.







10) India's First President Only Took 50% Of Salary:-

When Dr Rajendra Prasad was appointed the President of India, he only took 50% of his salary, claiming he did not require more than that. Towards the end of his 12-year tenure he only took 25% of his salary. The salary of the President was Rs 10,000 back then.





 11) The First Rocket In India Was Transported On A Cycle:-
 The first rocket was so light and small that it was transported on a bicycle to the Thumba Launching Station in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala.





12)India Has A Spa Just For Elephant:-
Elephants receive baths, massages and even food at the Punnathoor Cotta Elephant Yard Rejuvenation Centre in Kerala. Now that's a BIG step for the country.




13)India Is A World's Second Largest English Speaking Country:-
 India is second only to the USA when it comes to speaking English with around 125 million people speaking the language, which is only 10% of our population. This is expected to grow by quite a margin in the coming years.





14) Largest No Of Vegetarians In The World:-
 Be it because of religious reasons or personal choices or both, around 20-40% of Indians are vegetarians, making it the largest vegetarian-friendly country in the world.






15) The Worlds Largest Producer of Milk:-
 India recently overtook the European Union with production reaching over 132.4m tonnes in 2014.





16) The First Country To Consume Sugar:- 
 India was the first country to develop extraction and purifying techniques of sugar. Many visitors from abroad learnt the refining and cultivation of sugar from us.





17) The Human Calculator:- 
 Shakuntla Devi was given this title after she demonstrated the calculation of two 13 digit numbers: 7,686,369,774,870 × 2,465,099,745,779 which were picked at random. She answered correctly within 28 seconds. 







18) Rabindranath Tagore Also Wrote The National Anthem For Bangladesh:-
Rabindranath Tagore is credited not only for writing the Indian national anthem, Jana Gana Mana, but the Bangladeshi national anthem, Amar Sonar Bangla, as well. He was also offered knighthood by the British but refused the honour after the Jalianwala Bagh massacre. 





19) Dhyan chand  Was Offered German Citizenship:-
 After defeating Germany 8-1 in the 1936 Berlin Olympics, Major Dhyan Chand, the wizard of hockey, was summoned by Hitler. He was promised German citizenship, a high post in the German military and the chance to play for the German national side. Dhyan Chand however declined the offer.





20) Freddie Mercury And Ben Kingsley Are Both Of Indian Descent:-
 Freddie Mercury, the legendary singer of the rock band 'Queen' was born a Parsi with the name Farrokh Bulsara while the famous Oscar winning Hollywood star Ben Kingsley was born Krishna Pandit.





21) Astronaut Rakesh Sharma Said India Looks sarre lahaan se achchha:- 
Former Prime Minister Indira Gandhi asked the first Indian in space, Rakesh Sharma, about how India looked from space. His response was our famous patriotic song, "Saare Jahaan Se Achcha."



22)Havell's Is Purely An Indian Brand:-
Though the company was bought for just 10 lakh Rupees a long time ago and is now a multi-billion electrical goods company, it's an Indian company and is still named after its original owner, Haveli Ram Gupta.



23) Diamonds Were First Mined In India:-
Initially, diamonds were only found in the alluvial deposits in Guntur and Krishna District of the Krishna River Delta. Until diamonds were found in Brazil during the 18th century, India led the world in diamond production.






24) A Special Polling Station Is Set Up For A Lone Voter In The Middel Of Gir Forest:- 
 Mahant Bharatdas Darshandas has been voting since 2004 and during every election since then, a special polling booth is set up exclusively for him as he is the only voter from Banej in Gir forest.





25) Snakes And Ladders Originated In India:-
 Earlier known as Moksha Patamu, the game was initially invented as a moral lesson about karma to be taught to children. It was later commercialized and has become one of the most popular board games in the world.